化学成分
种子含黄酮类化合物:槲皮素(quprcetin),山柰酚(kaempferol),鼠李柠檬素(rhamnocitrin),熊竹素(kumatakenin),山姜素(alpinetin),小豆蔻查耳酮(cardamonin) ,生松黄烷酮(pinocembrin);二苯基庚烷类化合物:(5R)-反-1,7-二苯基-5-羟基-Δ6-庚-烯-3-酮[(5R)-trans-1,7-diphenyl-5-hy-droxy-6-hepten-3-one],(3S,5S)-反-1,7-二苯基-3,5-二羟基-Δ1-庚烯[(3S,5S)-trans-1,7-diphenyl-3,5-dihydroxy-1-heptene],反-1,7-二苯基-5-羟基-Δ1-庚烯(trans-1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-1-heptene),反,反-1,7-二苯基-5-羟基-Δ4,6-庚二烯-3-酮(trans,trans-1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-4,6-heptadien-3-one),(3S,5R)-3,5-二羟基-1,7-二苯基庚烷[(3S,5R)-3,5-dihydroxylheptane],反,反-1,7-二苯基-Δ4,6-庚二烯-3-酮(trans,trans-1,7-diphenyl-4,6-heptadien-3-one)。种子的挥发油中含有反-桂皮醛(trans-cinnamaldehyde),反,反-金合欢醇(trans,trans-farnesol),桉叶素(1,8-cineole),α-律草烯(α-humulene),芳樟醇(linalool),樟脑(camphor),4-松油醇(terpineol-4),莳萝艾菊酮(carvotanacetone),乙酰龙脑酯(bornyl acetate)乙酸牻牛儿酯(geranyl acetate),桂皮酸甲酯(methyl cinnamate),橙花叔醇(netolidol),樟烯(camphorene),柠檬烯(limonene),α-蒎烯(α-pinene),β-蒎烯(β-pinene),龙脑(borneol)。还含有微量元素(μg/g):铜(Cu) 6.94,铁(Fe)54.7,锰(Mn)144。
根茎中含有二氢-5,6-去氢卡瓦胡椒素(dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain)和5,6-去氢卡瓦胡椒素(5,6-dehydrokawain)。
含挥发油约1%,并离析得良姜亭(山姜素,Alpinetin),熔点225℃,结构为7-羟基-5-甲氧基黄烷酮(7-Hydroxy-5-methoxy- flavanone);小豆蔻明(豆蔻素,Cardamonin),熔点207℃,结构为2‘,4‘-二羟基-6‘-甲氧基查尔酮(2‘,4‘-Dihydroxy-6‘-methoxychalcone).